REVOLUTION
NAVIGATION
ACTS
1651
1653
1660
OLIVER
CROMWELL
REACTION
TO DUTCH COMMERCIAL RIVALRY
REVOLUTION
PROVISIONS
OF NAVIGATION ACTS
“ALL
GOODS IMPORTED TO ENGLAND OR ANY LANDS, ISLANDS PLANTATIONS OR TERRITORIES TO
THIS COMMONWEALTH BELONGING“ BE CARRIED IN ENGLISH SHIPS OR THE SHIPS OF THE
COUNTRY WHERE THE GOODS ORIGINATED
REVOLUTION
NAVIGATION ACT OF 1551
HELPED PRECIPITATE 1ST ANGLO-DUTCH WAR
WHY?
DUTCH WERE MIDDLEMEN
PART OF MECANTILISM
AFFECTED THE COLONIES
SUCCESSIVE NAVIGATION ACTS MERELY UPDATES
REVOLUTION
KING GEORGE’S WAR (AKA WAR OF AUSTRIAN SUCCESSION, AKA 2ND
SILESIAN WAR) 1744-1748
PRECIPITATED BY CLAIMANTS TO AUSTRIAN THRONE AFTER DEATH
OF HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR CHARLES VI 1740
STARTED IN AMERICA 1744 W/FRENCH ATTACK ON PORT ROYAL NS
WAR NOT PROSECUTED VIGOROUSLY BY EITHER SIDE
REVOLUTION
TREATY
OF AIX-LA-CHAPELLE OCT 1748
STATUS
QUO ANTE BELLUM
JUST
WHAT WAS THAT?
REVOLUTION
SEVEN
YEARS WAR ( FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
IROQUOIS
WARS
KING
WILLIAM’S WAR (WAR OF THE LEAGUE OF AUGSBURG AKA WAR OF THE GRAND ALLIANCE)
1689-1697
RAIDS
AND COUNTER RAIDS
REVOLUTION
SEVEN
YEARS WAR
STRUGGLE
ENGLAND VS FRANCE
TRADE/NAVAL
DOMINATION
1750’S
FRENCH/ENGLISH
TERRITORIAL DISPUTES
ESPECIALLY
ALONG GREAT LAKES/MISSISSIPPI
REVOLUTION
1749 VA. BUSINESS MEN PURCHASE GRANT FOR 50,000 ACRES IN
OHIO VALLEY
RAN INTO THE FRENCH WHO CLAIMED THE SAME GROUND (JOSEPH
CELERON)
FRENCH CONSTRUCT FORTS
ENGLISH COLONISTS MAKE MILITARY PREPARATIONS
REVOLUTION
1749-1754 TENSIONS RISE
1754 GOVERNOR OF VIRGINIA SENDS MILITARY (MILITIA) EXPEDITION
INTO OHIO VALLEY TO CONFRONT FRENCH
VA MILITIA COMMANDER BUILDS CRUDE FORT (NECESSITY)
ATTACKS FRENCH
1/3 VA FORCE KILLED COMMANDER SURRENDERS
ACTION PRECIPITATES WAR
REVOLUTION
F&I
WAR LASTS 9 YEARS
3 PHASES
1754-1756
PRIMARILY
LOCAL NORTH AMERICAN CONFLICT
MOST
SUCCESS IS FRENCH
MOST
NATIVE TRIBES SIDE W/FRENCH
IROQUOIS
TRY TO REMAIN NEUTRAL
REVOLUTION
2ND PHASE 1756-1758
WAR DECLARED-BECOMES INTERNATIONAL
WEST INDIES, INDIA, EUROPE
WILLIAM PITT SECRETARY OF STATE TRNSFORMS WAR EFFORT
FORCES
COLONISTS TO PROVIDE TRANSPORT,
SOLDIERS, MATERIEL
CAUSES
VOCAL/VIOLENT COLONIAL PROTEST
BY 1758
THREATENED TO HALT THE WAR EFFORT
REVOLUTION
3RD PHASE 1758-1760 (IN AMERICA)
PITT RELAXES SOME POLICIES
MORE ENGLISH REGULARS
RESULTED IN INCREASE OF COLONIAL ENLISTMENT
JULY ’78 FORT LOUISBOURG NS FALLS
SEPT. ’59 QUEBEC FALLS
SEPT. ’60 FRENCH MILITARY IN CANADA SURRENDERS
REVOLUTION
EFFECTS OF F&I WAR IN ENGLAND
GREATLY
INCREASES ENGLISH NATIONAL DEBT
GENERATED
RESENTMENT TOWARD COLONISTS
MANY
ENGLISH CONVINCED COLONIES IN NEED OF MAJOR OVERHAUL & CENTRALIZATION
REVOLUTION
EFFECTS IN AMERICA
COLONISTS LEARN TO UNITE
VAST INTERIOR OF AMERICA NOW OPEN TO
EXPLORATION/SETTLEMENT
AMERCANS CAN GET ALONG W/OUT ENGLISH
LONDON WANTED TO COTROL WESTWARD MOVEMENT/GUARD AGAINST
FUTURE FRENCH INTERFERENCE
10,000 REGULARS LINE OF FORTS ALONG THE ALLEGHENNY MTS.
PAID FOR BY COLONISTS
“SUGAR”/STAMP” ACTS
REVOLUTION
SUGAR/STAMP
ACTS
SUGAR
ACT 1764
ONE OF
SEVERAL RESOLUTIONS CREATED BY BRITISH GOVERNMENT TO RAISE REVENUE
TAX ON MOLASSES
POST WAR
DEPRESSION
SEVERE
IMPLEMENTATION
STRICT
ENFORCEMENT
REVOLUTION
STAMP
ACT 1765
DUTY ON
MANY TYPES OF PAPER IN USE
PRIOR TO
ENACTMENT, BRITISH GOVERNMENT GAVE COLONISTS A CHANCE TO TAX THEMESELVES
THE
RIGHT OF PARLIAMENT TO TAX THE COLONIES CALLED INTO QUESTION
REVOLUTION
TOWNSHEND DUTIES 1767
PARLIAMENT CUTS LAND TAX IN BRITAIN
AMERICA TO PICK UP THE SLACK
DUTIES ON PAPER, LEAD, GLASS, TEA
ADMIRALTY COURTS ESTABLISHED
HALIFAX
BOSTON
PHILADELPHIA
CHARLESTON
BOSTON MASSACRE
REVOLUTION
BOSTON NON-IMPORTATIONAGREEMENT
1768
MERCHANTS
AND TRADERS OF BOSTON
NO
IMPORT FROM GB FOR FALL 1768
FORGO
IMPORT FROM GB FOR THE YEAR 1769 (W/EXCEPTIONS)
MORE
REVOLUTION
INTOLERABLE
ACTS
ADMINISTRATION
OF JUSTICE ACT 1774
BOSTON
PORT ACT 1774
MASSACHUSETTS
GOVERNMENT ACT 1774
QUARTERING
ACT 1774
QUEBEC
ACT 1774
REVOLUTION
THE WAR FROM THE BRITISH PERSPECTIVE
THREE PHASES
BOSTON
(NEW ENGLAND) PHASE 1763-76
POLICE ACTION
TROUBLE THE FAULT OF A FEW
ISOLATE BOSTON, ARREST RING LEADERS
CONVENTIONAL
WAR PHASE 1776-78
CONDUCTED ALONG CLASSICAL EUROPEAN LINES
DESTROY MAIN REBEL ARMY
REVOLUTION
WAR GOES
SOUTH
BRITAIN
DECLARES WAR ON FRANCE
FRENCH
INTEREST IN WEST INDIES PULLS STRATEGIC CENTER SOUTH
SOUTHERN
FERVER LESS
ORGANIZE/MAINTAIN
CONTROL OF LOYALISTS/NEUTRALS
GAIN FULL
CONTROL OVER ONE COLONY AND MOVE ON
REVOLUTION
EXAMLPES
PHASE ONE-BUNKER (BREED’S) HILL 17 JUNE, 1775
AFTER
LEXINGTON/CONCORD IN APRIL
BRITISH
FORTIFY BOSTON AT NECK
REBELS
(SHOP KEEPER & TRADESMEN) OCCUPY BUNKER/BREED’S HILL
THREE
BRITISH CHARGES TAKE THE HILL
BRITS
1,500
REBELS
44
REVOLUTION
SECOND
PHASE MONMOUTH 28 JUNE 1778
DUE TO
FRENCH, BRITISH EVACUATE PHILADELPHIA
WASHINGTON
FOLLOWS
LEE
ATTACKS BRIT REAR/RETREATS
WASHINGTON
RALLIES
BRITS
LOSE
REVOLUTION
THIRD PHASE COWPENS 17 JANUARY 1781
CORNWALLIS/GATES
WASHINGTON, GREENE AND MORGAN
MORGAN AND GREENE SEPARATE TO DIVIDE CORNWALLIS
MORGAN V TARLETON
MORGAN WINS
CORNWALLIS ENDS UP IN YORKTOWN