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 Week
Six Lecture: One-Point Perspective Drawing
 Return
to Classroom
It is a necessity
that you read and follow all instructions throughout the Lecture.
Lectures are designed with interactivity, to aid in the learning
process. Often times the lectures will include tips for properly
completing assignments. Be sure to read all information, view all
Audio and Video files and complete all practicals associated with
each lecture.
Overview
Perspective Grid
One-Point Perspetive Drawing
Recap
 Overview
Perspective
drawings are frequently used in design presentations to give a realistic
drawing of the project. Perspective drawings can be quick freehand
sketches or precisely constructed drawings. A precisely constructed
perspective drawing is the beginning of a quality rendering.
In the next
two weeks we are going to cover one and two point perspective drawing.
We are going to follow step-by-step instructions, which I suggest
that you keep for future reference. For a long time you will need
to refer to these instructions each time you want to construct a
perspective grid. In fact it wasn't until I began to teach perspective
drawing that I was able to throw my instructions away.
Perspective
Grid
The first step
in constructing a one point perspective drawing is to construct
a layout grid. We are going to follow the method presented in the
Ching book, Chapter 3. It is an excellent step-by-step method that
you can refer back to each time you do a 1-point perspective drawing.
We are going
to construct a grid, Assignment A,
for the art gallery that we are drawing for Assignment
6B.
Assignment
6A Tips:
The
Art Gallery is a 12' wide by 12' deep by 10' high room. The first
step is to draw the plan of this room at ¼" = 1'-0"
scale.
Gallery
6a
Look at Figure
1, Ching book Chapter 3. We need to find the Station Point. The
Station Point is the point where the viewer stands to get the
best view of the gallery. You want to make sure that the entire
gallery is in the viewers cone of vision so use your 60 degree
angle to find the station point.
Draw a line
at the back wall of the gallery for the picture plane.
Draw a line
from the picture plane to the station point. If you measure this
line in scale you will get the distance from the picture plane
to the station point. You will
need
this information later on in the exercise.
Gallery
6b
Now we are
going to begin to draw the perspective grid. First we must, set
up a new sheet of paper and draw an elevation of the picture-plane.
The picture-plane is the back wall of the gallery. We know that
the gallery is 12'-0" wide and 10'-0" high.
Gallery
6c
We need to
add some important reference points to the elevation. First we
want to show the ground line at the bottom of the picture plan.
Next we want to draw the horizon line at eyelevel of the viewer.
Since this is an interior perspective the horizon line (eyelevel
of the viewer) is at 4'-6" above the ground line. The final
point we want to locate is the center of vision. The center of
vision is along the horizon line and is slightly off center. If
we chose a point directly on center it would create a static view
of the gallery. Placing the COV point off center creates a more
interesting, more dynamic view.
Gallery
6d
Now draw
a line from the CV through each corner of the picture plane. You
can now see the major planes of the gallery - the walls, floor
and ceiling.
Gallery
6e
Using your
¼" scale mark off 1' increments along the bottom and
sides of the picture plane. We can use our scale because we are
measuring on the picture plane.
Only the picture plane is in scale.
Gallery
6f
Draw a line
from the CV through each of these marks.
Gallery
6g
Continue
to draw the lines along the walls. We will use these lines to
create the perspective grid.
Gallery
6h
You may have
noticed that this is only half of a grid. We still need the horizontal
and vertical grid lines. In order to draw these lines we need
to find the Diagonal Point (DP). The DP is found by measuring,
to either the left or the right, the distance (D) from the Picture
Plane to the Station Point. This is the Distance we found back
in the second step of this drawing process. Mark the DP along
the horizon line. Draw a line from the DP through the lower left
corner of the picture plane.
Gallery
6i
The diagonal
line we drew allows us to draw the horizontal lines for the grid.
Where the diagonal line crosses the grid line draw a horizontal
line. Stop the line at the base of either wall. As you draw these
lines you have to be very meticulous about starting right on the
intersection of the lines.
Gallery
6j
The
grid is on the floor and we need to draw the vertical lines on
the walls. Simply, draw a line up from each intersection of the
horizontal grid lines with the base line of the wall plane.
Gallery
6k
Now that we
have the grid drawing complete lets finish this drawing up. You
should put a new sheet of vellum on top of the perspective grid
that you just constructed. The finished perspective grid for Assignment
6A should have the correct line weights. Remember that
this is a 3D-drawing and the surface rules apply. If you need
help, return to the instructions for Line Weights.
To follow
is the finished drawing without the correct line weights, I want
to see you figure those out yourself. Be sure to put the title
and border on the drawing. Label this drawing Assignment
6A.
Gallery
6l
Save the
original grid. We will use it again for Assignment
6B.
Have
Questions?
If
you have questions regarding any of the material covered in this
section, visit the "Week Six: Perspective Grid" Discussion
Forum. The forum can be accessed by clicking on the "Activate
Course WebCT Account" link located on the course "Classroom"
page. Once inside WebCT's discussion board, post questions and/or
comments under the appropriate forum.
One-Point
Perspective Drawing
In the previous
section we drew a perspective grid for an art gallery. Now it is
time to draw the finished art gallery. This will be part of Assignment
6B. A perspective drawing is one that you construct. This
means that your first drawing will be a working drawing that you
will trace for the final presentation drawing.
Assignment
6B Tips:
Use the original grid from Assignment
6A. Tape this down on your board. Make sure that it
aligns with your t-square or parallel rule. Put a piece of vellum
over the grid. Trace the edges of the walls and ceiling planes.
Insert
gallery6m
For Assignment
6B we want to put 5 paintings on the walls. We also want
to put in 2 pieces of furniture—a bench and a pedestal. See
Assignment 6B for the correct dimensions, Assignment 6B information
can be accessed via the course "Classroom."
Right now
we are going to put a painting on the right wall of the gallery.
I am going to think about the height of the viewer's eye level
because I always want to hang art with this in mind. We decided
earlier that the viewers eye level would be at 4'-6". I want
to place the paintings with this in mind. I am going to hang one
of the 3' wide by 7' high paintings. Let's try putting the picture
2' from the back wall and 1' above the ground. I can only use
my scale on the back wall of the gallery. Along the side walls
and the floor I must use the grid to locate things in the room.
So I must use the grid to find a point for the corner of the painting.
It will be 2 squares to the right and 1 square up. Now using the
grid and the drafting tools you can draw
in the first painting.
Gallery
6n
How does that
look? Now place all of the paintings on the wall. Look at the
arrangement in terms of composition and balance.
Now let's
put in the bench. The bench is 2' wide by 4' long. The first thing
to do is to locate the bench on the floor. The bench will be 2
squares wide and 4 squares long. Mark this on the floor grid.
Gallery
6o
We need to
bring up the sides of the bench. From each corner of the bench
draw a vertical line. The next step is to find the 2' high point
on the side wall and project that line across to the vertical
lines at the front of the bench. You can now see the front face
of the bench. Use your triangle to draw the rest of the bench.
Draw a line from the front face back to the CV or vanishing point.
Where this line intersects the vertical lines at the end of the
bench that is the back face of the bench. We now have the bench
drawn in perspective.
Gallery
6p
Spend time
laying out the paintings and the furniture to create a beautifully
composed gallery space. To finish this drawing put a new sheet
of vellum on top of the art gallery drawing and draw your finished
drawing with all of the correct line weights. Show the title,
border and drawing information. Label this Assignment
6B.
Have
Questions?
If
you have questions regarding any of the material covered in this
section, visit the "Week Six: One-Point Perspective Drawing"
Discussion Forum. The forum can be accessed by clicking on
the "Activate Course WebCT Account" link located on
the course "Classroom" page. Once inside WebCT's discussion
board, post questions and/or comments under the appropriate forum.
Recap
I think you
should be pretty impressed with the results of this week's work.
As I said earlier, perspective drawing takes time to learn so be
sure that you keep your notes and instructions for future reference/
Next week we
will be finishing up the course. We will go through 2-point perspective
drawing and take the Final Exam.
The Final Exam
will cover:
- Architectural
Lettering
- Line Work
- Drawing
Plans
- Dimensions
- Orthographic
Projection
- Oblique
Drawings
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